Melamine is an organic compound and has known as with high nitrogen content, which is used in the production of pesticides, plastics, resins, sheets, commercial filters and many other products. Melamine is not a food ingredient and is not legal for adulting to food. However, it is widely used in some products that come into contact with food, such as food packaging sets and tableware. The pet food contamination in the United States in 2007 and the Chinese milk scandal in 2008 became a worldwide agenda. This scandal occurred due to high levels of melamine in infant formula. The toxicity caused by melamine, as well as the complexes it forms with uric acid or cyanuric acid naturally found in urine, have appeared to cause kidney damage, especially acute renal failure and urinary stones. Today, it is important to understand these food contamination cases and their global effects in order to prevent problems such as the melamine scandal.