Brain meninges are three protective membranes encasing the brain and spinal cord, supporting and maintaining the central nervous system’s (CNS) environment. Also, dural meninges, comprising the dura mater, play a vital role in protecting the brain and maintaining its structural integrity. These layers are, from outermost to innermost, the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. The dura mater is a tough, fibrous layer that attaches to the inner surface of the skull, providing a protective barrier. The arachnoid mater is a web-like membrane between the dura mater and pia mater, with the subarachnoid space beneath it containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that cushions the brain. The pia mater is a delicate membrane that closely adheres to the brain’s surface, following its contours and providing a final layer of protection. Together, the meninges play a critical role in protecting the brain from injury, maintaining its structural integrity, and ensuring a stable environment for neuronal function. Disorders of the meninges, such as meningitis (inflammation of the meninges) and subdural hematomas (blood accumulation between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater), can have severe neurological implications, emphasizing the importance of these structures in brain health.
Traumatic injuries can result in subdural hematomas, where blood accumulates between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater, increasing intracranial pressure and necessitating prompt medical intervention. Additionally, dural tears or leaks can lead to CSF leaks, causing headaches and other complications. Understanding the clinical implications of the dural meninges is crucial for diagnosing and managing these conditions effectively, highlighting their importance in maintaining brain health and function.