Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by reversible airway obstruction, hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation. It is a heterogeneous and multifactorial disease influenced by genetic predisposition and various environmental exposures, leading to different phenotypes and endotypes. Asthma triggers include allergens, air pollutants, respiratory tract infections (RTIs), and occupational exposures. RTIs, which are implicated in 85%–95% of wheezing exacerbations or acute asthma deteriorations, can also cause symptom relapses. The most common triggers are Human Rhinovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus, with other viral agents like influenza, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, and adenovirus also worsening symptoms in children. Preventive strategies include practicing good hand hygiene, regular exercise, proper nutrition (including breastfeeding and vitamin D), quality sleep, minimizing air pollution exposure, using probiotics, and considering biologics when appropriate.