Release Date: 2023-09-14

Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Ocular Tissues

Berkay Hasan Arman (Author), Huseyin Ture (Author)

Release Date: 2023-09-14

Diabetes mellitus exerts significant effects on ocular tissues, posing risks to both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. In the anterior segment, chronic hyperglycemia can lead to dry eye syndrome due to changes in tear film composition and reduced corneal sensitivity. Additionally, diabetic patients are prone to developing cataracts at an earlier age [...]

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Work TypeBook Chapter
Published inCurrent Perspective on Diabetes Mellitus in Clinical Sciences
First Page173
Last Page179
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359111.15
ISBN978-605-335-911-1 (PDF)
LanguageENG
Page Count7
Copyright HolderNobel Tıp Kitabevleri
Licensehttps://nobelpub.com/publish-with-us/copyright-and-licensing

Diabetes mellitus exerts significant effects on ocular tissues, posing risks to both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. In the anterior segment, chronic hyperglycemia can lead to dry eye syndrome due to changes in tear film composition and reduced corneal sensitivity. Additionally, diabetic patients are prone to developing cataracts at an earlier age and with accelerated progression, attributed to the accumulation of sorbitol within lens fibers. Moreover, alterations in lens hydration and refractive index contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major concern in the posterior segment. Diabetic retinopathy manifests through microvascular changes, including capillary basement membrane thickening, endothelial cell loss, and pericyte dropout, which compromise retinal perfusion and lead to ischemia. This ischemic state triggers the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promoting neovascularization that can result in vitreous hemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment, threatening vision. Effective management involves stringent glycemic control, regular ophthalmic screenings, and timely intervention with laser photocoagulation or anti-VEGF therapy to mitigate vision-threatening complications associated with diabetic eye disease.

Berkay Hasan Arman (Author)
MD, Karaman Training and Research Hospital
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0905-6775

Huseyin Ture (Author)
MD, Karaman Training and Research Hospital
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-6174

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