Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the leading causes of mortality due to malignancy in the West. The most common type of EC worldwide is Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). According to the 2012 data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), esophageal cancer ranks ninth among the most common types of cancer globally. This section will discuss the radiological diagnosis of esophageal cancer.