Thyroid nodules are commonly found due to the widespread use of ultrasonography, with a prevalence of 19-67%. The diagnosis of thyroid cancer has tripled over the past 30 years. Most thyroid nodules are benign, with only 7-15% being malignant. Various guidelines like TI-RADS and ATA have been developed to improve the diagnosis and determine which nodules should be biopsied, though none are highly sensitive or specific. The standard treatment for thyroid nodules is total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy, which can lead to complications such as nerve injury, parathyroid gland damage, scars, hypothyroidism, and requires prolonged hospitalization under general anesthesia. These drawbacks have led to the popularity of minimally invasive treatments, such as chemical (ethanol injection) and thermal ablation (radiofrequency, microwave, laser ablation, and high- intensity focused ultrasound). Minimally invasive treatments are effective for benign nodules and show promise for local tumor control in malignant nodules. Thermal ablation is also used for other conditions like parathyroid adenoma and small thyroid cancers. While surgery remains the primary option for recurrent thyroid cancers, ablation offers an alternative for patients with severe fibrosis or those who cannot tolerate surgery. This approach avoids risks associated with traditional surgery, such as vocal cord paralysis, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, scarring, long- term hormone therapy, and complications from anesthesia.