Climate change refers to long-term changes in atmospheric conditions, surface temperatures, sea levels, and weather patterns around the world. This change results from natural processes accelerated by anthropogenic activities. These changes have a serious impact on natural ecosystems and endanger life on Earth by causing great pressure on biodiversity and loss of biodiversity. Microorganisms contribute to vital cycles such as carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. It is worrying that the disruption of these cycles and ecological balances by the impact of climate change will negatively affect critical processes such as the food webs in both terrestrial and aquatic environments or soil bioremediation capacity. Research has provided a better understanding of the ability of microorganisms to adapt to climate change and its impacts on ecosystem functions. Even in the face of these extreme conditions caused by global warming, the microbial world continues to spare no effort to help mitigate the consequences of this global scourge.