The formation of the oceans has been critical for the origin of life on Earth because it regulates the climate and provides optimal conditions for life. However human-caused climate change, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, has caused dramatic changes in terrestrial, coastal, and marine ecosystems. Increasing global temperatures and greenhouse gas emissions are causing melting glaciers, increasing sea levels, changing marine chemistry and ocean acidification. These changes affect the distribution and survival of marine organisms, particularly those in the benthic ecosystem. Benthic organisms play an important role in nutrient cycling and carbon uptake. The effects of climate change, including temperature increases and ocean acidification, have an impact on their physiology, reproduction, and biodiversity. In conclusion, biogeochemical cycles and, as species try to adapt, shifts in their distribution and the occurrence of invasive species change marine community structures, further exacerbating ecological instability.