Climate change directly affects agriculture and crop production all over the world. Global warming associated with climatic changes leads to a decrease in water resources and causes plants to live under stress conditions. Stress factors negatively affect crop production and increase yield losses. Drought stress is one of the most common abiotic stresses affecting growth and yield and affects many physiological, biochemical and molecular systems in plants. The areas of use of nanomaterials are increasing day by day. The use of nanomaterials in agriculture is seen as an important measure that can be taken against climate change. Nanoparticles are expected to improve the plant’s tolerance level to abiotic stress conditions, increase yield and quality in plants and thus provide new opportunities for the future of agriculture by reducing the impact of factors limiting plant production.