1. Girginkardeşler N, Kurt Ö. “Dientamoebiasis”. In: “Özcel’in Tıbbi Parazit Hastalıkları”. 2007; Meta Basım-İzmir; pp.411-21.
2. Johnson E.H., Windsor J.J., Clark C.G. Emerging from obscurity: Biological, clinical and diagnostic aspects of Dientamoeba fragilis. Clin Microbiol Rev, 2004; 17: 553 – 570.
3. Stark D, Barratt J, Chan D, Ellis JT. Dientamoeba fragilis, the Neglected Trichomonad of the Human Bowel. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016;29(3):553-80.
4. Garcia LS. Dientamoeba fragilis, One of the Neglected Intestinal Protozoa..J Clin Microbiol. 2016 Sep; 54(9):2243-50.
5. Stark D, Beebe N, Marriott D, Ellis J, Harkness J: Detection of Dientamoeba fragilis in fresh stool specimens using PCR. Int J Parasitol, 35 (1): 57-62, 2005.
6. Kurt Ö, Öktem Okullu S, Özen NM, Ünübol N, Cat S, Sürer Nurdağı Ş, Akyar I, Kocagöz T. Dientamoeba fragilis dost mu, düşman mı? İstanbul’dan farklı kohortlara ait hasta ve sağlıklı
bireylerle yürütülen bir çalışma. Turk Mikrobiyol Cemiy Derg. 2020;50(4):244-9.
7. Berrilli F, Di Cave D, Cavallero S, D’Amelio S. Interactions between parasites and microbial communities in the human gut. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2012; 2:141.
8. Magali Chabé, AnaLokmer, LaureSégurel. Gut Protozoa: Friends or Foes of the Human Gut Microbiota? Trends in Parasitology, 2017; 33:12, 925-934.
9. Muhsin-Sharafaldine MR, Abdel Rahman L, Suwanarusk R, Grant J, Parslow G, French N, Tan KSW, Russell B, Morgan XC, Ussher JE. Dientamoeba fragilis associated with microbiome
diversity changes in acute gastroenteritis patients. Parasitol Int. 2023; 97:102788.
10. Kurt Ö GN, Özbilgin A, Ok ÜZ. Choosing Culture for Dientamoeba fragilis Detection in Stool When PCR is not Available: Assessment of its Efficacy and Comparison of Three Culture Media.
Infect Dis Clin Microbiol. 2019; 1:34-41.
11. Girginkardeşler N, Kurt Ö, Kilimcioğlu AA, Ok ÜZ. Transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis: evaluation of the role of Enterobius vermicularis. Parasitology international. 2008;57(1):72-5.
12. Röser D, Nejsum P, Carlsgart AJ, Nielsen HV, Stensvold CR. DNA of Dientamoeba fragilis detected within surface-sterilized eggs of Enterobius vermicularis. Exp Parasitol. 2013;133(1):57-61.
13. Munasinghe VS, Vella NG, Ellis JT, Windsor PA, Stark D. Cyst formation and faecal-oral transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis–the missing link in the life cycle of an emerging pathogen. Int
J Parasitol. 2013; 43(11):879-83.
14. Hall LM, Munasinghe VS, Vella NGF, Ellis JT, Stark D. Observations on the transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis and the cyst life cycle stage. Parasitology. 2024; 22:1-9.
15. Stark D, Garcia LS, Barratt JL, Phillips O, Roberts T, Marriott D, Harkness J, Ellis JT. Description of Dientamoeba fragilis cyst and precystic forms from human samples. J Clin Microbiol.
2014;52(7):2680-3.
16. Stark D, Phillips O, Peckett D, Munro U, Marriott D, Harkness J, Ellis J. Gorillas are a host for Dientamoeba fragilis: an update on the life cycle and host distribution. Vet Parasitol. 2008;
25;151(1):21-6.
17. Barry MA, Weatherhead JE, Hotez PJ, Woc-Colburn L. Childhood parasitic infections endemic to the United States. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2013;60(2):471-85.
18. Girginkardeşler N., Coşkun Ş., Balcıoğlu İ.C., Ertan P., Ok Ü.Z. Dientamoeba fragilis, a neglected cause of diarrhea, successfully treated with secnidazole.Clin Microbiol Infect. 2003;9(2):110-
3.
19. Hussein, E.M., Al-Mohammed, H.I. & Hussein, A.M. Genetic diversity of Dientamoeba fragilis isolates of irritable bowel syndrome patients by high-resolution melting-curve (HRM) analy-
sis. Parasitol Res 2009; 105, 1053–60.
20. El-Gayar EK, Mokhtar AB, Hassan WA. Study of the pathogenic potential of Dientamoeba fragilis in experimentally infected mice. Parasite Epidemiol Control, 2016 28;1(2):136-143.
21. Aykur M, Armagan G, Vardar R, Dagci H. Fecal calprotectin as a factor that supports the pathogenicity of Dientamoeba fragilis. Microb Pathog. 2019; 139: 103868. doi: 10.1016/j.mic-
path.2019.103868.
22. Simone M. Cacciò. 2017 Molecular epidemiology of Dientamoeba fragilis. Acta Trop. 2018; 184:73-77. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.06.029.
23. Barratt JL, Cao M, Stark DJ, Ellis JT. The transcriptome sequence of Dientamoeba fragilis offers new biological insights on its metabolism, kinome, degradome and potential mechanisms of
pathogenicity. Protist 2015; 166:389–408
24. Kurt O, Ok ÜZ. Dientamoeba fragilis ile Enfekte Hastaların Genel Özellikleri: Manisa İlinden Yüz Hastalık Kohortun İnceleme Sonuçları. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18 (): A145-A149, 2012.
25. Brands MR, Van de Vijver E, Haisma SM, et al. No association between abdominal pain and Dientamoeba in Dutch and Belgian children. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2019; 104:686-689.
26. van Kalleveen MW, van Gool T, Klarenbeek N, Benninga MA, Savelkoul PHM, de Meij T, Plötz FB. Dientamoeba fragilis in children: a systematic review on diagnostic considerations and
efficacy of treatment. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;14(4):231-242.
27. Pietilä JP, Meri T, Siikamäki H, Tyyni E, Kerttula AM, Pakarinen L, Jokiranta TS, Kantele A. Dientamoeba fragilis – the most common intestinal protozoan in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area,
Finland, 2007 to 2017. Euro Surveill. 2019 Jul;24(29).
28. Menéndez C, Fernández-Suarez J, Boga Ribeiro JA, Rodríguez-Pérez M, Vázquez F, Gonzalez-Sotorrios N, Rodríguez-Guardado A. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Dientamo-
eba fragilis infection. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2019;37(5):290-295. English, Spanish.
29. Montraveta-Querol M, Bovo MV, Roig-Abraham N, Romaní N, Alcaraz A, Fernández-Rivas G. Should Dientamoeba fragillis be looked for in pediatric digestive pathology of an unknown
cause? A proposed pilot case-control study. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2022; 40(8):436-440.
30. Shasha D, Grupel D, Treigerman O, Prajgrod G, Paran Y, Hacham D, Ben-Ami R, Albukrek D, Zacay G. The clinical significance of Dientamoeba fragilis and Blastocystis in human stool-ret-
rospective cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2024;30(1):130-136.
31. Intra J, Sarto C, Besana S, Tiberti N, Brambilla P. The importance of considering the neglected intestinal protozoan parasite Dientamoeba fragilis. J Med Microbiol. 2019; 68(6):890-892.
32. Burgaña A, Abellana R, Yordanov SZ, Kazan R, Pérez Ortiz AM, Ramos CC, Hernández CG, Rivero MM, Gonçalves AQ, Padilla E, Pérez J, García-Puig R, Perez-Porcuna TM. Paromomycin
is superior to metronidazole in Dientamoeba fragilis treatment. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2019; 11:95-100.
33. Nagata N, Marriott D, Harkness J, Ellis JT, Stark D. 2012 Current treatment options for Dientamoeba fragilis infections. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2012; 3;2: 204-15.
34. Boga JA, Rojo S, Fernández J, Rodríguez M, Iglesias C, Martínez-Camblor P, Vázquez F, Rodríguez-Guardado A. Is the treatment of Enterobius vermicularis co-infection necessary to eradicate
Dientamoeba fragilis infection? Int J Infect Dis. 2016; 49:59-61.
35. Krogsgaard LR, Engsbro AL, Stensvold CR, Nielsen HV, Bytzer P. The prevalence of intestinal parasites is not greater among individuals with irritable bowel syndrome: A population-based
case-control study. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2015; 13:507–513.
36. Pietilä JP, Häkkinen TA, Pakarinen L, Ollgren J, Kantele A. Treatment of Dientamoeba fragilis: A retrospective Finnish analysis of faecal clearance and clinical cure comparing four antiproto-
zoal drugs. New Microbes New Infect. 2023; 23;54: 101179.