1. Blanchard A, Bebear CM. Mycoplasmas of Human. In: Razin S, Herrmann R, eds. Molecular Biology and Pathogenicity of Mycoplasmas. New York, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers;
2002. pp. 45-72.
2. Razin S. Mycoplasma Taxonomy and Ecology. In: Maniloff J, McElhaney RN, Finch LR, Baseman JB, eds. Mycoplasmas Moleculer Biology and Phatogenesis. Washington DC: ASM Pres; 1992.
pp. 3-22.
3. Arnold E. In: Topley & Wilson’s Principles of Bacteriology, Virology & Immunity, 7th edition, vol.2. London, Williams & Wilkins; 1984.
4. Taylor-Robinson D, Csonka GW, Prentice M J. Human intra-urethral inoculation of Ureaplasmas. Q J Med 1977; 46: 309-326.
5. Razin S, Tully JG. Cholesterol requirement of mycoplasmas. J Bacteriol 1970; 102: 306–310.
6. Moridi K, Hemmaty M, Azimian A. et al. Epidemiology of genital infections caused by Mycoplasma hominis, M. genitalium and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Iran; a systematic review and
meta-analysis study (2000–2019). BMC Public Health 2020; 20: 1020.
7. Zhang S, Tsai S, Wu TT, Li B, Shih JW-K, Lo S-C. Mycoplasma fermentans infection promotes immortalization of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in culture. Blood. 2004; 104(13):
4252–9.
8. Waites KB, Rikihisa Y, Taylor-Robinson D. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. In: Murray PR, ed. Manual of Clinical Microbiology 8th edition, Washington DC: ASM press; 2003. pp. 972-989.
9. Winn WC, Koneman EW, Allen SD, Janda WM, Schreckenberger PC, Procop GW. eds. Koneman’s Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins; 2005.
10. Mygind T, Birkelund S, Christiansen G. DNA sequencing reveals limited heterogeneity in the 16S rRNA gene from the rrnB operon among five Mycoplasma hominis isolates. Int J Syst Bac-
teriol 1998; 48: 1067-71.
11. Harasawa R, Cassell GH. Phylogenetic analysis of genes coding for 16S rRNA in mammalian ureaplasmas. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46: 827-9.
12. Buzinhani M, Buim MR, Yamaguti M, Oliveira RC, Mettifogo E, Timenetsky J. Genotyping of Ureaplasma diversum isolates using pulsed-field electrophoresis. Vet J 2007; 173: 688-90.
13. Küçüker MA. Mikoplazmalar ve Laboratuvar Tanısı. In: Ağaçfidan A, Anğ Ö. Editörler. Cinsel Temasla Bulaşan Hastalıklar (CTBH). İstanbul: Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Yayın No:35: 1999.
Pp. 175-182.
14. Engelkirk PG, Duben-Engelkirk J, eds. Laboratory Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases: Essentials of Diagnostic. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
15. Göral G. Mycoplasma ve L formları. In: Kılıçturgay K, editör: Klinik Mikrobiyoloji. Bursa: Güneş&Nobel Tıp; 1994. pp. 149-159.
16. Kirchhoff H. Motility. In: Maniloff J, McElhaney RN, Finch L, Baseman JB. eds. Mycoplasmas Moleculer Biology and Phatogenesis. Washington DC: ASM Pres; 1992. pp.289-303.
17. Powell DA. Mycoplasma infections. In: Behrman RE, Kliegman RM, Jenson HB. eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18 th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 2007: 1278-81.
18. Kocabaş E, Doğru ED, Karakoç F ve ark. Türk Toraks Derneği çocuklarda toplumda gelişen pnömoni tanı ve tedavi uzlaşı raporu 2009. Türk Toraks Dergisi 2009; 10: 3-24.
19. Waites KB, Katz B, Schelonka R. Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas as neonatal pathogens. CMR. 2005; 8: 757–789.
20. Seto S, Miyata M. Attachment organelle formation represented by localization of cytadherence proteins and formation of the electron-dense core in wild-type and mutant strains of Mycop-
lasma pneumoniae. J Bacteriol 2003; 185: 1082–1091.
21. Rottem S. Interaction of mycoplasmas with host cells. Physiol Rev 2003; 83: 417-32.
22. Henrich B, Hopfe M, KitzerowA, Hadding U. The adherence-associated lipoprotein P100, encoded by an opp operon structure, functions as the oligopeptidebinding domain OppA of a puta-
tive oligopeptide transport system in Mycoplasma hominis. J Bacteriol 1999; 181: 4873-8.
23. Haggerty CL, Totten PA, Astete SG, Ness RB. Mycoplasma genitalium among women with nongonococcal, nonchlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2006; 2006:
30184.
24. Li YH, Yan ZQ, Jensen JS, Tullus K, Brauner A. Activation of nuclear factor kappaB and induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase by Ureaplasma urealyticum in macrophages. Infect Immun
2000; 68: 7087-93.
25. St Georgiev V. ed. Infectious Diseases in Immunocompromised Hosts. Washington DC: CRC Pres; 1998. pp. 557-572.
26. Rivera A, Rodríguez-Preval N, Giono-Cerezo S, Sánchez-Hernández JA. Preservation Evaluation of Mycoplasma fermentans in Different Conditions. International Journal of Sciences. Volu-
me 9: February 2020 (02).
27. Waites KB, Schelonka RL, Xiao L, Grigsby PL, Novy MJ. Congenital and opportunistic infections: Ureaplasma species and Mycoplasma hominis. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2009; 14(4): 190-9.
28. Taylor-Robinson D. Mollicutes in vaginal microbiology: Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum and Mycoplasma genitalium. Res Microbiol 2017; 168:875.
29. Taylor-Robinson D. Infections due to species of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma: an update. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 671.
30. Cox C, McKenna JP, Watt AP, Coyle PV. Ureaplasma parvum and Mycoplasma genitalium are found to be significantly associated with microscopy-confirmed urethritis in a routine genitou-
rinary medicine setting. Int J STD AIDS 2016; 27: 861.
31. Romero R, Garite TJ. Twenty percent of very preterm neonates (23-32 weeks of gestation) are born with bacteremia caused by genital Mycoplasmas. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 198:1.
32. Gerber S, Vial Y, Hohlfeld P, Witkin SS. Detection of Ureaplasma urealyticum in second-trimester amniotic fluid by polymerase chain reaction correlates with subsequent preterm labor and
delivery. J Infect Dis 2003; 187: 518.
33. Murtha AP, Edwards JM. The role of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2014; 41: 615.
34. Harwick HJ, Purcell RH, Iuppa JB, Fekety FR Jr. Mycoplasma hominis and abortion. J Infect Dis 1970; 121: 260.
35. McCormack WM, Rosner B, Lee YH, et al. Isolation of genital mycoplasmas from blood obtained shortly after vaginal delivery. Lancet 1975; 1: 596.
36. Benstein BD, Crouse DT, Shaklin DR, Ourth DD. Ureaplasma in lung. 2. Association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature newborns. Exp Mol Pathol 2003; 75: 171-177.
37. Lowe J, Watkins WJ, Edwards MO, et al. Association between pulmonary ureaplasma colonization and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants: updated systematic review and me-
ta-analysis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2014; 33: 697.
38. Alonso-Vega C, Wauters N, Vermeylen D, et al. A fatal case of Mycoplasma hominis meningoencephalitis in a full-term newborn. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 286.
39. George MD, Cardenas AM, Birnbaum BK, Gluckman SJ. Ureaplasma septic arthritis in an immunosuppressed patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol 2015; 21: 221.
40. Mori N, Takigawa A, Kagawa N, et al. Pelvic abscess due to Mycoplasma hominis following caesarean section. JMM Case Rep. 2016 Aug 30; 3(4): e005059.
41. Dominguez SR, Littlehorn C, Nyquist AC. Mycoplasma hominis endocarditis in a child with a complex congenital heart defect. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25: 851.
42. Fernandez R, Ratliff A, Crabb D, et al. Ureaplasma Transmitted From Donor Lungs Is Pathogenic After Lung Transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg 2017; 103: 670.
43. Cordtz J, Jensen JS. Disseminated Ureaplasma urealyticum infection in a hypo-gammaglobulinaemic renal transplant patient. Scand J Infect Dis 2006; 38: 1114.
44. Nowbakht C, Edwards AR, Rodriguez-Buritica DF, et al. Two Cases of Fatal Hyperammonemia Syndrome due to Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Immunocompromised
Patients Outside Lung Transplant Recipients. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019; 6: ofz033.
45. Horner P, Donders G, Cusini M, et al. Should we be testing for urogenital Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum in men and women? – a position statement
from the European STI Guidelines Editorial Board. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32: 1845.
46. Waites KB, Taylor-Robinson D. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. In: Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 11th ed, Jorgensen J, Pfaller M, Carroll K, et al, eds. ASM Press, Washington DC 2015.
p.1088.
47. Waites KB, Canupp KC. Evaluation of BacT/ALERT system for detection of Mycoplasma hominis in simulated blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 4328.
48. Xiao L, Glass JI, Paralanov V, et al. Detection and characterization of human Ureaplasma species and serovars by real-time PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 48: 2715.
49. Waites KB, Xiao L, Paralanov V, et al. Molecular methods for the detection of Mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections in humans: a paper from the 2011 William Beaumont Hospital Sympo-
sium on molecular pathology. J Mol Diagn 2012; 14: 437.
50. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. M43-A: Methods for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing for Human Mycoplasmas; Approved Guideline. October 2011. https://clsi.org/me-
dia/1451/m43a_sample.pdf (Accessed on December 11, 2018).
51. Singh, Sunit K, ed. Diagnostics to pathogenomics of sexually transmitted infections /edited by, Sunit K. Singh. Description: Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell, 2018