181

Erysıpelothrıx ve Rhodococcus

1. Reboli AC, Farrar WE. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: an occupational pathogen. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1989;2:354–359.
2. Reboli Annette C. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Ninth Edition, Phila-
delphia, Elsevier, 2020.
3. Chirico J, Eriksson H, Fossum O, et al. The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, a potential vector of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae causing erysipelas in hens. Med Vet Entomol. 2003;17:232–
234.
4. Cousquer G. Erysipelas outbreak in racing pigeons following ingestion of compost. Vet Rec. 2005;156:656.
5. Rostamian M, Rahmati D , Akya A.Clinical manifestations, associated diseases, diagnosis, and treatment of human infections caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: a systematic review.
Germ.
6. Schuster MG, Brennan PJ, Edelstein P. Persistent bacteremia with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in a hospitalized patient. Clin Infect Dis. 1993;17:783–784.
7. Talan DA, Citron DM, Abrahamian FM, et al. Bacteriologic analysis of infected dog and cat bites. Emergency Medicine Animal Bite Infection Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:85–92.
8. Shimoji Y. Pathogenicity of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: virulence factors and protective immunity. Microbes Infect. 2000;2:965–972.
9. Wang Q, Chang BJ, Riley TV. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Vet Microbiol. 2010;140:405–417.
10. Veraldi S, Girgenti V, Dassoni F, et al. Erysipeloid: a review. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009;34:859–862.
11. Gorby GL, Peacock JE. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae endocarditis: microbiologic, epidemiologic and clinical features of an occupational disease. Rev Infect Dis. 1988;10:317–325.
12. Nassar IM, de la Llana R, Garrido P, et al. Mitro-aortic infective endocarditis produced by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: case report and review of the literature. J Heart Valve Dis. 2005;14:320–
324.
13. Hua P, Liu J, Tao J, et al. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae-induced aortic valve endocarditis: case report and literature review. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8:730–736.
14. Kaya S, Gençalioğlu E, Yildirim SS, et al. Native valve endocarditis caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in an immunocompetent individual. J Med Microbiol. 2013;62:1911–1913.
15. Surrun SK, Jaufeerally FR, Sim HC. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae septicaemia with prolonged hypotension: a case report. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2008;37:251–252.
16. Cooke LJ, Bowles KM, Craig JI, et al. Occupational injury in a fishmonger with a macular rash, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia. J Clin Pathol. 2006;59:993–994.
17. Venditti M, Gelfusa V, Tarasi A, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1990;34:2038–2040.
18. Fidalgo SG, Longbottom CJ, Riley TV. Susceptibility of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae to antimicrobial agents and home disinfectants. Pathology. 2002;34:462–465.
19. Xu CW, Zhang AY, Yang CM, et al. First report of macrolide resistance gene erm (T) harbored by a novel small plasmid from Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother.
2015;59:24.
20. Upapan P. Human Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection: unsolved issues and possible solutions. J Med Assoc Thai. 2015;98:S170–S176.
RHODOCOCCUS
KAYNAKLAR
1. Parte, A.C., Sardà Carbasse, J., Meier-Kolthoff, J.P., Reimer, L.C. and Göker, M. (2020). List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) moves to the DSMZ. International
Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 70, 5607-561
2. Kim R, Annette C. Reboli AC. Other Coryneform Bacteria, Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, and Rhodococci. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles
and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Ninth Edition, Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2020.
3. Walsh RD, Schoch PE, Cunha BA. Rhodococcus. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1993;14:282–287. PMID: 8496585
4. Yamshchikov AV, Schuetz A, Lyon GM. Rhodococcus equi infection. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010;10:350–359. PMID: 20417417
5. Funke G, von Graevenitz A, Clarridge JE 3rd, et al. Clinical microbiology of coryneform bacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1997;10:125–159.
6. Nordmann P, Nicolas MH, Gutmann L. Penicillin-binding proteins of Rhodococcus equi: potential role in resistance to imipenem. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993;37:1406–1409.
7. Arlotti M, Zoboli G, Moscatelli GL, et al. Rhodococcus equi infection in HIV-positive subjects: a retrospective analysis of 24 cases. Scand J Infect Dis. 1996;28:463–467.
8. Miranda-Caso Luengo AA, Miranda-CasoLuengo R, Lieggi NT, et al. A real-time impedance based method to assess Rhodococcus equi virulence. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e60612.
9. Ramos-Vivas J, Pilares-Ortega L, Remuzgo-Martinez S, et al. Rhodococcus equi human clinical isolates enter and survive within human alveolar epithelial cells. Microbes Infect. 2011;13:438–
446.
10. Giguere S, Hondalus MK, Yager JA, et al. Role of the 85-kilobase plasmid and plasmid-encoded virulence-associated protein A in intracellular survival and virulence of Rhodococcus equi.
Infect Immun. 1999;67:3548–3557.
11. Drancourt M, Bonnet E, Gallais H, et al. Rhodococcus equi infection in patients with AIDS. J Infect. 1992;24:123–131.
12. Kwan E, Riley CA, Robinson CA. Malakoplakia. [Updated 2022 Oct 31]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025
13. Weinstock DM, Brown AE. Rhodococcus equi: an emerging pathogen. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:1379–1385.
14. Meeuse JJ, Sprenger HG, van Assen S, et al. Rhodococcus equi infection after alemtuzumab therapy for T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:1942–1943.
15. Shahani L. Rhodococcus equi pneumonia and sepsis in an allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient. BMJ Case Rep. 2014;2014.
16. Darraj M, Fainstein R, Kasper K, et al. Immune reconstitution syndrome secondary to Rhodococcus equi infection in a patient with HIV and Burkitt’s lymphoma. J Infect Public Health.
2017;10:224–227.
17. Cornish N, Washington JA. Rhodococcus equi infections: clinical features and laboratory diagnosis. Curr Clin Top Infect Dis. 1999;19:198–215.
18. Verville TD, Huycke MM, Greenfield RA, et al. Rhodococcus equi infections of humans. 12 cases and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1994;73:119–132.
19. Torres-Tortosa M, Arrizabalaga J, Villanueva JL, et al. Prognosis and clinical evaluation of infection caused by Rhodococcus equi in HIV-infected patients: a multicenter study of 67 cases. Chest.
2003;123:1970–1976.
20. Tuon FF, Siciliano RF, Al-Musawi T, et al. Rhodococcus equi bacteremia with lung abscess misdiagnosed as Corynebacterium. A report of 2 cases. Clinics. 2007;62:795–798.
21. Rodriguez Arrondo F, von Wichmann MA, Arrizabalaga J, et al. [Pulmonary cavitation lesions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: an analysis of a series of 78 cases].
Med Clin (Barc). 1998;111:725–730.
22. Kamboj M, Kalra A, Kak V. Rhodococcus equi brain abscess in a patient without HIV. J Clin Pathol. 2005;58:423–425.
23. Ulivieri S, Oliveri G. Cerebellar abscess due to Rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent patient: case report and literature review. J Neurosurg Sci. 2006;50:127–129.
24. Rallis G, Dais P, Gkinis G, et al. Acute osteomyelitis of the mandible caused by Rhodococcus equi in an immunocompromised patient: a case report and literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med
Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2012;114:e1–e5.
25. Harvey RL, Sunstrum JC. Rhodococcus equi infection in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. Rev Infect Dis. 1991;13:139–145.
26. Donisi A, Suardi MG, Casari S, et al. Rhodococcus equi infection in HIV-infected patients. AIDS. 1996;10:359–362.
27. Spiliopoulou A, Assimakopoulos SF, Foka A, et al. Pulmonary infection by Rhodococcus equi presenting with positive Ziehl-Neelsen stain in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus:
a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2014;8:423.
28. Gundelly P, Suzuki Y, Ribes JA, et al. Differences in Rhodococcus equi i infections based on immune status and antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates in a case series of 12 patients and cases
in the literature. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:2737295.
29. Munoz P, Burillo A, Palomo J, et al. Rhodococcus equi i infection in transplant recipients: case report and review of the literature. Transplantation. 1998;65:449–453.
30. Lasky JA, Pulkingham N, Powers MA, et al. Rhodococcus equi i causing human pulmonary infection: review of 29 cases. South Med J. 1991;84:1217–1220.
31. Hsueh PR, Hung CC, Teng LJ, et al. Report of invasive Rhodococcus equi i infections in Taiwan, with an emphasis on the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27:370–
375.
32. Linder R. Rhodococcus equi i and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum: two “coryneform” bacteria increasingly recognized as agents of human infection. Emerg Infect Dis. 1997;3:145–153.
33. Farina C, Ferruzzi S, Mamprin F, et al. Rhodococcus equi infection in non-HIV-infected patients. Two case reports and review. Clin Microbiol Infect. 1997;3:12–18.
34. Akan H, Akova M, Ataoglu H, et al. Rhodococcus equi and Nocardia brasiliensis infection of the brain and liver in a patient with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect
Dis. 1998;17:737–739.
35. Sigler E, Miskin A, Shtlarid M, et al. Fever of unknown origin and anemia with Rhodococcus equi infection in an immunocompetent patient. Am J Med. 1998;104:510.
36. Linares MJ, Lopez-Encuentra A, Perea S. Chronic pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi in a patient without impaired immunity. Eur Respir J. 1997;10:248–250.
37. Munoz P, Palomo J, Guembe P, et al. Lung nodular lesions in heart transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2000;19:660–667.
38. Antinori S, Esposito R, Cernuschi M, et al. Disseminated Rhodococcus equi infection initially presenting as foot mycetoma in an HIV positive patient. AIDS. 1992;6:740–742.
39. Matsushita H, Hanayama N, Hobo K, et al. Infectious endocarditis caused by Rhodococcus equi . Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:957–959.
40. Chow KM, Szeto CC, Chow VC, et al. Rhodococcus equi peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Nephrol. 2003;16:736–739.
41. Strunk T, Gardiner K, Simmer K, et al. Rhodococcus equi meningitis after ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion in a preterm infant. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007;26:1076–1077.
42. Al Akhrass F, Al Wohoush I, Chaftari AM, et al. Rhodococcus bacteremia in cancer patients is mostly catheter related and associated with biofilm formation. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e32945. PMID:
22427914
43. Kedlaya I, Ing MB, Wong SS. Rhodococcus equi infections in immunocompetent hosts: case report and review. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32:E39–E46.
44. Wang T, Kong F, Chen S, et al. Improved identification of Gordonia, Rhodococcus and Tsukamurella species by 5’-end 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Pathology. 2011;43:58–63.
45. Bharadwaj R, Swaminathan S, Salimnia H, et al. Clinical impact of the use of 16S rRNA sequencing method for the identification of “difficult-to-identify” bacteria in immunocompromised
hosts. Transpl Infect Dis. 2012;14:206–212.
46. Hsueh PR, Lee TF, Du SH, et al. Bruker biotyper matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system for identification of Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Kocuria,
Gordonia, Tsukamurella, and Listeria species. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52:2371–2379.
47. Bowersock TL, Salmon SA, Portis ES, et al. MICs of oxazolidinones for Rhodococcus equi strains isolated from humans and animals. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000;44:1367–1369.
48. Jacks SS, Giguere S, Nguyen A. In vitro susceptibilities of Rhodococcus equi and other common equine pathogens to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and 20 other antimicrobials. Antimicrob
Agents Chemother. 2003;47:1742–1745.
49. Puthucheary SD, Sangkar V, Hafeez A, et al. Rhodococcus equi —an emerging human pathogen in immunocompromised hosts: a report of four cases from Malaysia. Southeast Asian J Trop
Med Public Health. 2006;37:157–161.
50. Savini V, Fazii P, Favaro M, et al. Tuberculosis-like pneumonias by the aerobic actinomycetes Rhodococcus, Tsukamurella and Gordonia. Microbes Infect. 2012;14:401–410.
51. Niwa H, Lasker BA. Mutant selection window and characterization of allelic diversity for ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants of Rhodococcus equi . Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010;54:3520–
3523.
52. Cronin SM, Abidi MH, Shearer CJ, et al. Rhodococcus equi lung infection in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient. Transpl Infect Dis. 2008;10:48–51.
53. Napoleao F, Damasco PV, Camello TCF, et al. Pyogenic liver abscess due to Rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent host. J Clin Microbiol. 2005;43:1002–1004.
54. Gundelly P, Thornton A, Greenberg RN, et al. Rhodococcus equi pericarditis in a patient living with HIV/AIDS. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2014;13:309–312.
55. Speck D, Koneth I, Diethelm M, et al. A pulmonary mass caused by Rhodococcus equi infection in a renal transplant recipient. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2008;4:398–403. 9
56. Munoz P, Palomo J, Guinea J, et al. Relapsing Rhodococcus equi infection in a heart transplant recipient successfully treated with long-term linezolid. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008;60:197–
199