Release Date: 2024-01-19

Early Signs and Early Diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy

Ayse Yildiz (Author), Mehmet Sonmez (Author)

Release Date: 2024-01-19

Early diagnosis of CP is important for treatment and intervention. Early signs of CP include delays in the child’s motor skills, muscle tone abnormalities (increased/decreased tone) and reflex abnormalities (newborn reflexes lasting longer than normal or reflex deficiencies), delay in motor development (delays in sitting, crawling, or starting to walk), impairment in fine motor movements, [...]

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Work TypeBook Chapter
Published inPhysiotherapy and Rehabilitation for Cerebral Palsy
First Page23
Last Page38
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053358794.2
ISBN978-605-335-879-4 (PDF)
LanguageENG
Page Count16
Copyright HolderNobel Tıp Kitabevleri
Licensehttps://nobelpub.com/publish-with-us/copyright-and-licensing

Early diagnosis of CP is important for treatment and intervention. Early signs of CP include delays in the child’s motor skills, muscle tone abnormalities (increased/decreased tone) and reflex abnormalities (newborn reflexes lasting longer than normal or reflex deficiencies), delay in motor development (delays in sitting, crawling, or starting to walk), impairment in fine motor movements, and seizures. The diagnosis of CP is usually made with a multidisciplinary approach. Medical History and Physical Examination, Neurological Examination, Developmental Screening and Evaluation, and Neuroimaging Techniques are the methods used in diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used as the first diagnostic step after taking the patient’s history, performing a neurological examination, and examining additional disorders. General Movements assessment (GMs) is very important for early diagnosis, especially in children younger than 5 months. It is a critical method for early detection of infants’ central nervous system development and possible neurological disorders. The presence of abnormal brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showing damage to the motor area(s) in addition to abnormal motor function detected as “no fidgety” on Prechtl’s General Movement Assessment (GMs) accurately detects CP with more than 95% accuracy. Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) can also be used as it predicts SP at a rate of 61-90%. While each test demonstrates excellent sensitivity and specificity individually, their combined predictive capability exceeds that of any single test, facilitating early and precise diagnosis of CP. Specifically, combining the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) and the absence of fidgety movements with neuroimaging achieves a sensitivity of 97.86% and a specificity of 99.22%.

Ayse Yildiz (Author)
Asst. Prof. Dr., Erzurum Technical University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1101-1069
3She completed her bachelor degree at Kırıkkale University. She completed her Master of Science (2017) and PhD (2022) in the Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation at the Gazi University. Her field of master’s education is "Children with Cerebral Palsy". She worked in Gazi University as a research assistant between 2017 and 2022. Now, she is working at Erzurum Technical University as an Assistant Professor. She has specialized in early intervention in academic activities such as book chapters, academic publications, and congress presentations. She has 10 years of experience in the clinic and she teaches pediatrics at the undergraduate levels. Her primary research focus is on "children with cerebral palsy" “early intervention” “premature infants”.

Mehmet Sonmez (Author)
Asst. Prof. Dr., Erzurum Technical University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-9087
3The author, aged 34 and married, received his primary, secondary, and high school education in his hometown of Malatya, Turkey. He completed his 4-year undergraduate degree in Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation at Dumlupınar University in 2012. Subsequently, he pursued his master’s degree at Keele University in England, specializing in Neurological Physiotherapy, which he completed in 2018 with a scholarship from the Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Turkey. Upon his return to Turkey, he pursued his doctorate studies in the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation program at Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, graduating in 2023. Between 2012 and 2015, the author worked as a Physiotherapist at two different Special Education and Rehabilitation centers, located in Malatya and Istanbul, respectively. Additionally, he served as a physiotherapist at a private training and rehabilitation center in Malatya from 2018 to 2019. Transitioning into academia, he became a lecturer in the Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation at Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Health Sciences, from March 2019 to February 2024. As of February 2024, he has advanced to the position of Assistant Doctor within the same university and department, where he continues his professional endeavors.

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