Diabetic Nephropathy and Current Approach to Therapy

Diabetic nephropathy is a common and serious complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by progressive kidney damage that can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It primarily affects individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and its pathogenesis involves complex interplay of metabolic, hemodynamic, and inflammatory factors. Key mechanisms include hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, [...]