Tuberculosis treatment involves a prolonged and carefully monitored course of multiple antibiotics to ensure the complete eradication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and to prevent the development of drug-resistant strains. The standard regimen for drug-susceptible tuberculosis includes an initial intensive phase of two months with isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, followed by a continuation phase of four months with isoniazid and rifampicin. For extrapulmonary tuberculosis, the duration of treatment may be extended depending on the site and severity of the disease. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) require longer, more complex treatment regimens with second-line drugs, which are often less effective and have more side effects. Adherence to the treatment regimen is critical to prevent relapse and the spread of resistant strains. Comprehensive management also includes supportive care, monitoring for drug side effects, and addressing co-morbid conditions, such as HIV infection. Effective tuberculosis treatment is a cornerstone of global tuberculosiscontrol efforts, aiming to reduce transmission, morbidity, and mortality associated with this enduring disease.