Immunotherapy has shown remarkable success in treating various solid malignancies, but its application in gynecologic cancers is an evolving field. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of immunotherapy’s role in managing ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers. It delves into the mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors, focusing on the PD-1 and CTLA-4 pathways, and their impact on tumor suppression. The review highlights the challenges posed by tumor immunoediting, where cancer cells evade immune responses. It emphasizes the significance of molecular phenotyping, particularly MMR deficiency and PD-L1 expression, in predicting treatment response. There are promising results from clinical trials investigating immune checkpoint inhibitors, both as single agents and in combination with other therapies, offering potential avenues for improving outcomes in gynecologic cancer treatment.