Mediastinitis is the infection of thoracic cavity occurring in the space between the two mediastinal pleural sheets. There are acute and chronic types of mediastinitis cases. The infection can progress in acute, subacute or chronic phases. Acute mediastinal infections usually occur after cardiac or thoracic surgery, due to esophageal perforations, or infections of the oropharyngeal region. A necrotizing mediastinal infection occurs due to an infection of neck which progressing at superior-inferior planes. Acute mediastinitis cases have high mortality rates and display progressive features.n